|
Tables, figures, and algorithms |
| TABLES |
| S4 |
Table 1. |
KDIGO classification of CKD–MBD and renal osteodystrophy |
| S10 |
Table 2. |
Grading of recommendations |
| S12 |
Table 3. |
Screening criteria for systematic review topics |
| S13 |
Table 4. |
Questions for topics not related to treatments |
| S15 |
Table 5. |
Literature search yield of primary articles for systematic review topics |
| S18 |
Table 6. |
Grading of study quality for an outcome |
| S19 |
Table 7. |
GRADE system for grading quality of evidence for an outcome |
| S19 |
Table 8. |
Final grade for overall quality of evidence |
| S19 |
Table 9. |
Balance of benefits and harm |
| S20 |
Table 10. |
Implications of the strength of a recommendation
|
| S20 |
Table 11. |
Determinants of the strength of a recommendation |
| S26 |
Table 12. |
Suggested frequencies of serum calcium, phosphorus, and PTH measurements according to CKD stage |
| S27 |
Table 13. |
Sources and magnitude of the variation in the measurement of serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH, and vitamin D sterols |
| S30 |
Table 14. |
Vitamin D2 and D3 and their derivatives |
| S36 |
Table 15. |
Changes in bone histomorphometric measurements from patients in placebo groups of clinical trials or longitudinal studies |
| S40 |
Table 16. |
Relationship between fractures and PTH in patients with CKD–MBD |
| S41 |
Table 17. |
Positive predictive value for iPTH and b-ALP to predict bone turnover in patients with CKD stage 5 |
| S41 |
Table 18. |
Correlation between PTH or other serum markers and BMD |
| S52 |
Table 19. |
Phosphate-binding compounds |
| S63 |
Table 20. |
RCTs of phosphate binders in children with CKD |
| S63 |
Table 21. |
Summary table of RCTs examining the treatment of CKD–MBD with sevelamer-HCl vs calcium-containing phosphate binders in CKD stages 3–5—description of population at baseline |
| S63 |
Table 22. |
Summary table of RCTs examining the treatment of CKD–MBD with sevelamer-HCl vs calcium-containing phosphate binders in CKD stages 3–5—intervention and results |
| S64 |
Table 23. |
Evidence matrix for sevelamer-HCl vs calcium-containing phosphate binders in CKD stage 5D |
| S65 |
Table 24. |
Evidence profile for the treatment of CKD–MBD with sevelamer-HCl vs calcium-containing phosphate binders in CKD stage 5D |
| S67 |
Table 25. |
Evidence matrix for lanthanum carbonate vs other phosphate binders in CKD stage 5D |
| S68 |
Table 26. |
Evidence profile of lanthanum carbonate vs other phosphate binders in CKD stages 5D |
| S69 |
Table 27. |
Summary table of RCT examining alternate HD regimens in CKD stage 5D—description of population at baseline |
| S69 |
Table 28. |
Summary table of RCT examining alternate HD regimens in CKD stage 5D—intervention and results |
| S69 |
Table 29. |
Adverse events of alternate HD regimens in CKD stage 5D |
| S82 |
Table 30. |
RCTs of calcitriol or other vitamin D analogs in children with CKD |
| S83 |
Table 31. |
Evidence matrix of calcitriol or vitamin D analogs vs placebo in CKD stages 3–5 |
| S84 |
Table 32. |
Evidence profile of treatment of CKD–MBD with calcitriol or vitamin D analogs vs placebo in CKD stages 3–5 |
| S85 |
Table 33. |
Evidence matrix for calcitriol vs vitamin D analogs in CKD stage 5D |
| S86 |
Table 34. |
Evidence profile for calcitriol vs vitamin D analogs in CKD stage 5D |
| S87 |
Table 35. |
Evidence matrix for calcimimetics in CKD stage 5D |
| S88 |
Table 36. |
Evidence profile for calcimimetics in CKD stage 5D |
| S98 |
Table 37. |
Evidence matrix of bisphosphonates vs placebo/control in CKD stages 3–5 |
| S99 |
Table 38. |
Evidence profile of bisphosphonates vs placebo/control in CKD stages 3–5 |
| S106 |
Table 39. |
RCTs of treatments for CKD–MBD in children with CKD stages 1–5T |
| S107 |
Table 40. |
Evidence matrix of calcitriol or vitamin D analogs vs placebo or calcium alone in CKD stages 1–5T |
S108 |
Table 41. |
Evidence profile of calcitriol or vitamin D analogs vs placebo or calcium alone in CKD stages 1–5T |
| S109 |
Table 42. |
Evidence matrix of bisphosphonates vs control in CKD stages 1–5T |
S110 |
Table 43. |
Evidence profile for the treatment of CKD–MBD with bisphosphonates vs control in CKD stages 1–5T |
| S111 |
Table 44. |
Summary of cumulative evidence matrix with patient-centered outcomes, other surrogate outcomes, and biochemical outcomes |
| S112 |
Table 45. |
Cumulative evidence matrix for all treatment studies by outcome |
| S113 |
Table 46. |
Grading of recommendations |
| |
| FIGURES |
| S5 |
Figure 1. |
Interpreting a surrogate outcome trial |
| S10 |
Figure 2. |
Evidence model |
| S17 |
Figure 3. |
Parameters of bone turnover, mineralization, and volume |
| S24 |
Figure 4. |
Prevalence of abnormal mineral metabolism in CKD |
| S25 |
Figure 5. |
Changes in serum calcium, phosphorus, and iPTH with time in hemodialysis patients of DOPPS countries |
| S28 |
Figure 6. |
PTH assays |
| S35 |
Figure 7. |
Prevalence of types of bone disease as determined by bone biopsy in patients with CKD–MBD |
| S35 |
Figure 8. |
Prevalence of histologic types of renal osteodystrophy in children with CKD stages 5–5D |
| S35 |
Figure 9. |
Types of renal osteodystrophy before and after 1995 |
| S36 |
Figure 10. |
Prevalence of bone histology types by symptoms in patients with CKD stage 5D receiving HD treatment |
| S37 |
Figure 11. |
Distribution of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal bone density by creatinine clearance in general
US population |
| S38 |
Figure 12. |
Overlap between osteoporosis and CKD stages 3–4 |
| S38 |
Figure 13. |
Bone mineral density in patients with CKD stage 5D |
| S40 |
Figure 14. |
Correlation coefficients between bone formation rate as seen on bone biopsies and serum markers of PTH, bone-specific ALP (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), and collagen cross-linking molecules (x-link) in patients with CKD stages 5–5D |
| S76 |
Figure 15. |
Comparison of PTH levels to underlying bone histology in chronic hemodialysis patients |
| S77 |
Figure 16. |
Risk of all-cause mortality associated with combinations of baseline serum phosphorus and calcium categories by PTH level |
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